New Horizons in Klinefelter Syndrome: Current Evidence, Gaps, and Research Priorities (Review 2025)

Angela K. Lucas-Herald, 1   Lise Aksglaede, 2,3   Ida Dyhr Caspersen, 2,3   S. Faisal Ahmed, 1   Francesco Carlomagno, 4   and Andrea M. Isidori 4,5

1  Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK

2  Department of Growth and Reproduction, Endo-ERN centre “Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet,” 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

3  International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

4  Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy

5  Endocrine and Andrological Regional Rare Disease Centre—Endo-ERN centre “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I,” 00161 Rome, Italy

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